Waba warigeze kureba fagitire y'amashanyarazi, uko waba ukora kose, isa naho iri hejuru buri gihe, ugatekereza guhindura ingufu z'izuba, ariko ukaba utazi aho uhera?
Umuseke.com washyize hamwe amakuru ajyanye namasosiyete akorera muri Pakisitani kugirango asubize ibibazo byawe bijyanye nigiciro cyizuba ryizuba, ubwoko bwacyo, nuburyo ushobora kuzigama.
Ikintu cya mbere ugomba guhitamo ni ubwoko bwizuba ryizuba ushaka, kandi hariho bitatu muri byo: kuri gride (bizwi kandi nka gride), off-grid, na hybrid.
Sisitemu ya gride ihujwe nisosiyete ikora amashanyarazi yumujyi wawe, kandi urashobora gukoresha amahitamo yombi :.imirasire y'izubakubyara ingufu kumanywa, kandi amashanyarazi atanga ingufu nijoro cyangwa mugihe bateri ari nke.
Sisitemu igufasha kugurisha amashanyarazi arenze urugero ubyara uruganda rukora amashanyarazi ukoresheje uburyo bwitwa net metero, bushobora kuzigama amafaranga menshi kuri fagitire yawe.Ku rundi ruhande, uzaba wishingikirije rwose kuri gride nijoro, kandi kubera ko uhujwe na gride ndetse no kumanywa, izuba ryizuba rizimya mugihe habaye imitwaro yamenetse cyangwa amashanyarazi.
Sisitemu ya Hybrid, nubwo ihujwe na gride, ifite bateri zo kubika amwe mumashanyarazi arenze atangwa kumunsi.Ikora nka buffer yo gupakira imitwaro no kunanirwa.Batteri zirazimvye, ariko, kandi igihe cyo kugarura biterwa nubwoko nubwiza wahisemo.
Nkuko izina ribigaragaza, sisitemu ya off-grid ntabwo ifitanye isano nisosiyete ikora amashanyarazi kandi iguha ubwigenge bwuzuye.Harimo bateri nini kandi rimwe na rimwe zitanga amashanyarazi.Ibi bihenze cyane kurenza izindi sisitemu ebyiri.
Imbaraga zizuba ryizuba zigomba guterwa numubare ukoresha buri kwezi.Ugereranije, niba ukoresha ibikoresho 300-350, uzakenera sisitemu ya 3 kWt.Niba ukoresha ibice 500-550, uzakenera sisitemu ya 5 kWt.Niba amashanyarazi ukoresha buri kwezi ari hagati ya 1000 na 1100, uzakenera sisitemu ya 10kW.
Ikigereranyo gishingiye ku kigereranyo cy’ibiciro gitangwa n’amasosiyete atatu gishyira igiciro cya sisitemu ya 3KW, 5KW na 10KW ku mafaranga 522.500, 737.500 na miliyoni 1.37.
Ariko, hariho caveat: ibi biciro bikurikizwa kuri sisitemu idafite bateri, bivuze ko ibiciro bihuye na sisitemu ya gride.
Ariko, niba ushaka kugira sisitemu ya Hybrid cyangwa sisitemu yihariye, uzakenera bateri, zishobora kongera igiciro cya sisitemu.
Russ Ahmed Khan, umushakashatsi mu bijyanye no kugurisha no kugurisha muri Max Power i Lahore, yavuze ko hari ubwoko bubiri bwa bateri - lithium-ion na tubular - kandi igiciro giterwa n’ubuziranenge bwifuzwa n’ubuzima bwa batiri.
Iyambere irazimvye - urugero, bateri ya 4kW ya pylon ya lithium-ion igura amafaranga 350.000, ariko ikagira ubuzima bwimyaka 10 kugeza 12, Khan.Urashobora gukoresha amatara make, firigo na TV kumasaha 7-8 kuri bateri ya 4 kW.Yongeyeho ko, niba ushaka gukoresha icyuma gikonjesha cyangwa pompe y'amazi, bateri izashira vuba.
Kurundi ruhande, bateri ya amp 210 amp igura amafaranga 50.000.Khan avuga ko sisitemu ya kilowati 3 isaba bibiri muri bateri ya tubular, iguha amasaha agera kuri abiri yo gusubira inyuma.Urashobora gukoresha amatara make, abafana, na toni ya inverter AC kuri yo.
Nk’uko amakuru yatanzwe na Kaiynat Hitech Services (KHS), umushinga w’izuba ufite icyicaro i Islamabad na Rawalpindi, bateri ya tubular ya sisitemu 3 kW na 5 kilowat igura amafaranga 100.000 na 200.160.
Nk’uko byatangajwe na Mujtaba Raza, umuyobozi mukuru wa Solar Citizen, utanga ingufu z'izuba zifite icyicaro i Karachi, sisitemu ya kilowati 10 ifite bateri, mu ntangiriro igurwa amafaranga miliyoni 1.4-1.5, izazamuka igera kuri miliyoni 2-3.
Mubyongeyeho, bateri zigomba gusimburwa kenshi, byiyongera kubiciro rusange.Ariko hariho uburyo bwo kurenga kuri ubu bwishyu.
Kubera ibyo biciro, abakoresha benshi bahitamo sisitemu ya gride cyangwa hybrid ibemerera kwifashisha ibipimo bya net, uburyo bwo kwishyuza bwishyuza amashanyarazi ba nyiri izuba bongeraho kuri gride.Urashobora kugurisha imbaraga zose zirenze zose utanga mumasosiyete yawe yingufu hanyuma ugahagarika fagitire yawe kumashanyarazi ukura muri gride nijoro.
Ikindi kintu gito ugereranije nikoreshwa ni ukubungabunga.Imirasire y'izuba ikenera isuku kenshi, kuburyo ushobora gukoresha amafaranga 2500 buri kwezi kuriyi.
Icyakora, Raza Citizen's Raza yihanangirije ko igiciro cya sisitemu gishobora guhinduka bitewe n’imihindagurikire y’ivunjisha mu mezi make ashize.
“Buri kintu cyose kigize izuba gitumizwa mu mahanga - imirasire y'izuba, inverter ndetse n'insinga z'umuringa.Buri kintu cyose rero gifite agaciro mumadolari, ntabwo ari amafaranga.Ibiciro by'ivunjisha bihindagurika cyane, biragoye rero gutanga paki / kugereranya.Ubu ni bwo nganda zikomoka ku zuba. ”.
Inyandiko za KHS zerekana kandi ko ibiciro bifite agaciro muminsi ibiri gusa uhereye igihe agaciro kagereranijwe kashyizwe ahagaragara.
Ibi birashobora kuba bimwe mubibazo bihangayikishije abashaka gushyiraho imirasire y'izuba kubera ishoramari ryinshi.
Raza yavuze ko isosiyete ye yagiye ikorana n’abakiriya mu gushyiraho uburyo bwo kwishyura amashanyarazi ashobora kugabanuka kugeza kuri zeru.
Dufate ko udafite bateri, ku manywa uzakoresha ingufu z'izuba ubyara kandi ukagurisha ingufu z'izuba zirenze kuri sosiyete ikora amashanyarazi.Nyamara, nijoro ntabwo ubyara ingufu zawe, ahubwo ukoreshe amashanyarazi ava mumashanyarazi.Kuri interineti, ntushobora kwishyura fagitire y'amashanyarazi.
Khan Power's Khan yatanze urugero rwumukiriya wakoresheje ibikoresho 382 muri Nyakanga uyu mwaka kandi yishyuza amafaranga 11.500 buri kwezi.Isosiyete yashyizeho imirasire y'izuba 5 kW, itanga ibice 500 ku kwezi hamwe na 6.000 ku mwaka.Khan yavuze ko ukurikije igiciro cy’amashanyarazi i Lahore muri Nyakanga, inyungu ku ishoramari izatwara imyaka igera kuri itatu.
Amakuru yatanzwe na KHS yerekana ko igihe cyo kwishyura kuri 3kW, 5kW na 10kW sisitemu ari imyaka 3, imyaka 3.1 nimyaka 2.6.Isosiyete yabaze kuzigama buri mwaka amafaranga 204.097, 340.162 na 612.291 kuri sisitemu eshatu.
Byongeye kandi, imirasire yizuba ifite ubuzima buteganijwe kumyaka 20 kugeza 25, bityo izakomeza kuzigama amafaranga nyuma yishoramari rya mbere.
Raz yavuze ko muri sisitemu ihuza imiyoboro ya interineti, iyo nta mashanyarazi kuri gride, nko mu masaha yo kumena imizigo cyangwa iyo sosiyete ikora amashanyarazi igabanutse, izuba rirahita rizimya.
Imirasire y'izuba igenewe isoko ryiburengerazuba bityo ntibikwiriye kumeneka imitwaro.Yasobanuye ko niba nta mashanyarazi kuri gride, sisitemu izakora hitawe ko kubungabunga ibikorwa biri gukorwa kandi bizahita bifunga mu masegonda make kugira ngo hirindwe umutekano uwo ari wo wose binyuze mu buryo bukoreshwa muri inverter.
Ndetse no mubindi bihe, hamwe na sisitemu ihujwe na gride, uzashingira kubitangwa nisosiyete ikora amashanyarazi nijoro kandi uhure nikibazo cyo kunanirwa no kunanirwa.
Raza yongeyeho ko niba sisitemu irimo na bateri, bazakenera kwishyurwa kenshi.
Batteri nayo igomba gusimburwa buri myaka mike, ishobora gutwara ibihumbi magana.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-27-2022