Nuburyo imirasire yizuba ishobora gukoreshwa ubu

• Imirasire y'izuba niyo yihuta cyane y’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu kandi biteganijwe ko izakomeza kwihuta kubera itegeko ryo kugabanya ifaranga.
• Nyamara, mu bihe byashize, imirasire y'izuba yaciwe ahanini yagiye mu myanda.Muri iki gihe, 95% by'agaciro mu bikoresho birashobora gutunganywa - ariko imirasire y'izuba ikenera gukoreshwa.
• Ibiteganijwe vuba aha byerekana ibikoresho bisubirwamo bituruka ku mirasire y'izuba bizaba bifite agaciro ka miliyari zisaga 2.7 z'amadolari muri 2030.

Bitandukanye nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byabaguzi, imirasire yizuba ifite igihe kirekire cyo kumara imyaka 20 kugeza 30.Mubyukuri, paneli nyinshi ziracyahari kandi zitanga umusaruro kuva mumyaka mirongo ishize.Kubera kuramba kwabo,imirasire y'izuba ikoreshwa ni igitekerezo gishya, kuyobora bamwe kwibeshya kwibwira ko amaherezo yubuzima bwose azarangirira kumyanda.Nubwo mubyiciro byayo byambere, tekinoroji yizuba ikoreshwa neza irakomeje.Hamwe no kwiyongera gukabije kwingufu zizuba, gutunganya ibicuruzwa bigomba kwaguka vuba.

Inganda zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ziratera imbere, hamwe na miliyoni icumi z'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba yashyizwe ku mazu arenga miliyoni eshatu muri Amerika.Kandi hamwe nigice giheruka cyaItegeko ryo kugabanya ifaranga, imirasire y'izuba biteganijwe ko izamuka ryihuse mu myaka icumi iri imbere, bikerekana amahirwe menshi ku nganda kurushaho kurushaho kuramba.

Mu bihe byashize, hatabayeho ikoranabuhanga n’ibikorwa remezo bikwiye, amakaramu ya aluminiyumu n’ibirahure bivuye ku mirasire y’izuba byavanyweho bikagurishwa ku nyungu nke mu gihe ibikoresho byabo bifite agaciro gakomeye, nka silikoni, ifeza n’umuringa, ahanini byari bigoye kuvanamo .Ntabwo bikiri.

Imirasire y'izuba nk'isoko yiganjemo ingufu

Amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba ateza imbere ikoranabuhanga n'ibikorwa remezo byo gutunganya izuba riva mu buzima bwa nyuma.Mu mwaka ushize, ibigo bitunganya ibicuruzwa nabyo biracuruza kandi bigapima uburyo bwo gutunganya no kugarura ibintu.

Isosiyete ikora ibicuruzwaSOLARCYCLEgukorana kubufatanye nabatanga izuba nkaSunrunirashobora gukira kugezahafi 95% by'agaciro k'izuba.Ibi birashobora gusubizwa murwego rwo gutanga hanyuma bigakoreshwa mugukora panne nshya cyangwa ibindi bikoresho.

Birashoboka rwose ko habaho urwego rukomeye rwo gukwirakwiza imirasire y'izuba - cyane cyane hamwe n’itegeko riherutse kugabanya itegeko rigenga igabanuka ry’ifaranga hamwe n’inguzanyo y’imisoro ku nganda zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba n'ibigize.Ibiteganijwe vuba ahaerekana ibikoresho bisubirwamo bituruka ku mirasire y'izuba bizaba bifite agaciro ka miliyari zisaga 2.7 z'amadolari muri 2030, bivuye kuri miliyoni 170 uyu mwaka.Imirasire y'izuba ntikiri gutekereza: ni ibidukikije bikenewe n'amahirwe y'ubukungu.

Mu myaka icumi ishize, izuba ryateye intambwe nini mu kuba isoko y’ingufu zishobora kubaho.Ariko gupima ntibikiri bihagije.Bizasaba ibirenze ikoranabuhanga ridahungabana kugirango ingufu zisukuye zihendutse kimwe nukuri kandi zirambye.Ba injeniyeri, abadepite, ba rwiyemezamirimo n'abashoramari bagomba kongera guhurira hamwe bakayobora imbaraga zihuriweho mu kubaka ibikoresho bitunganyirizwa mu gihugu hose no gufatanya n’abafite umutungo w’izuba hamwe n’abashiraho.Gusubiramo birashobora gupima kandi bigahinduka ihame ryinganda.

Ishoramari nkigice cyingenzi cyo gupima imirasire yizuba

Ishoramari rirashobora kandi gufasha kwihutisha iterambere ryisoko ryongera gukoreshwa.Ishami ry’ingufu muri Laboratwari y’igihugu ishobora kuvugururwabyabonetseko ku nkunga ya guverinoma iciriritse, ibikoresho bitunganyirizwa mu mahanga bishobora kuzuza 30-50% by’ibikenerwa n’inganda zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba muri Amerika mu 2040. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko amadolari 18 kuri buri kibaho mu gihe cy’imyaka 12 azashyiraho inganda zitunganya izuba zikoresha inyungu kandi zirambye mu 2032.

Aya mafaranga ni make ugereranije n'inkunga leta itanga ku bicanwa.Muri 2020, ibicanwa biva mu kirere byakiriweMiliyoni 5.9 z'amadolari y'inkunga- iyo ushingiye ku giciro cy’imibereho ya karubone (amafaranga y’ubukungu ajyanye n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere), bikaba bivugwa ko ari amadorari 200 kuri toni ya karubone cyangwa inkunga ya leta igera kuri $ 2 kuri litiro ya lisansi, nk’uko ubushakashatsi bubyerekana.

Itandukaniro uru ruganda rushobora gukora kubakiriya kandi umubumbe wacu ni mwinshi.Hamwe nogukomeza gushora no guhanga udushya, dushobora kugera ku nganda zikomoka ku zuba zirambye rwose, zidashobora guhangana n’ikirere kuri bose.Ntidushobora kwihanganira kutabikora.